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Area: Psychology
When talking about spatial organization tends to think of the requirements to have comfort in the room or workspace , using the term spatial proxemics, environmental or labor. The term was coined by anthropologist Edward T. Hall to refer to theories that relate to the man with the surrounding space .
When talking about spatial organization tends to think of the requirements to have comfort in the room or workspace , using the term spatial proxemics, environmental or labor. The term was coined by anthropologist Edward T. Hall to refer to theories that relate to the man with the surrounding space .
In workplaces such as offices is that one appreciates the need for distribution of workspaces. Usually the jobs are distributed in a hierarchical manner, which can cause reactions, sometimes positive and some negative impact on workers. While workers who feel disadvantaged in the location of their workplace experience a positive sense, recognition of status in the organization, those who feel left out, by placing them in places that have no adequate recognition, suffer adverse effects and low professional esteem.
Usually in all workplaces inside the building there are locations that have greater acceptance , ie is referenced to the principal's office or plant where the company management. References to positions "privileged" are what make the individual feel a sense of comfort or, conversely, frustration.
the job, besides being a workplace, is also an area where it expresses the personality of each employee . Having the opportunity to customize and appropriate work space stimulates motivation.
Depending on where you locate the job the individual will feel better or worse. The next job corridors and lobbies are disruptive and make the individual feel unprotected, often claim to have temperature problems, noise, currents, light, etc. In recent years, the spatial configuration of the workplace has changed from a closed configuration with individual workstations, to an open configuration with workers who are not completely isolated from each other, although there may be screens and gaps between them. The frequent transformation of the former to the latter is based on the assumption that the settings favor open communication, productivity and satisfaction, allowing greater flexibility (Ramos, Peiró and Ripoll, 2002), because although the ergonomic factors relating to the furniture, the light environment and thermal environment are appropriate, including the open configuration and adaptation deficit to aspects of space and noise at work. Territoriality refers to the perception of space as their own. All living organisms, including humans, they mark their territory by signals or signs spatial, visual, oral, chemicals, etc., Which are an extension of the body. The space that the person uses to interact with information on many aspects inherent in their status, interests, intentions, etc.
Depending on where you locate the job the individual will feel better or worse. The next job corridors and lobbies are disruptive and make the individual feel unprotected, often claim to have temperature problems, noise, currents, light, etc. In recent years, the spatial configuration of the workplace has changed from a closed configuration with individual workstations, to an open configuration with workers who are not completely isolated from each other, although there may be screens and gaps between them. The frequent transformation of the former to the latter is based on the assumption that the settings favor open communication, productivity and satisfaction, allowing greater flexibility (Ramos, Peiró and Ripoll, 2002), because although the ergonomic factors relating to the furniture, the light environment and thermal environment are appropriate, including the open configuration and adaptation deficit to aspects of space and noise at work. Territoriality refers to the perception of space as their own. All living organisms, including humans, they mark their territory by signals or signs spatial, visual, oral, chemicals, etc., Which are an extension of the body. The space that the person uses to interact with information on many aspects inherent in their status, interests, intentions, etc.
The distance between two people, generally, is an indicator of desire or intent to establish a relationship or interaction. However, cultural factors such as hierarchy, authority or leadership are variables that determine the degree of spatial proximity.
Hall (1982) distinguished 4 types of distance in spatial organization:
• Distance intimate hugging, touching or whispering. The distance is between 0-15 to 15-45 cm.
• personal distance for interactions among good friends. The distance from 45-75 to 75-125 cm.
• social distance for interactions among acquaintances. The distance would be between 1.25 to 2 meters to 2 to 3.5 meters.
• Distance public speeches or public appearances. The estimated distance is 3.5 to 7.25 meters over 7.5 meters.
distinguished three "territories at Work:
• Primary: those occupied by the furniture: table, chair, computer, closet.
• Secondary: joint areas like locker rooms, break room or the smoking room. • Public: The commonly used as a hall, main hall or conference room, among others.
Hall was noted that different cultures have different standards interpersonal space. In Latin cultures, for example, those relative distances are smaller and people tend to be more comfortable around others. In Nordic cultures the opposite. Realizing and recognizing these cultural differences improves cross-cultural understanding and helps eliminate discomfort people may feel if you feel that the interpersonal distance is too big or too small. Comfortable personal distance also depend on social status, gender and individual preference.
On the other hand, the lack of space seems to increase aggressiveness and feelings of hostility between people, resulting in fewer social contacts and reducing interpersonal communication. The feelings of satisfaction with social situations are less when the density is perceived as too high, so that the workplace is expected that there is lack of cooperation, increasing competitiveness and hostility, withdrawal, a more negative assessment of Moreover, distorted communication patterns or appearance of conflict. (Ramos, Peiró, Ripoll, 2002).
Article Abstract published in PW Magazine n º 22.
28/01/2009 - Fernando Mansilla Izquierdo - Clinical Psychologist. Senior Technical Occupational Health and Safety - Bulletin PW Magazine No 22
28/01/2009 - Fernando Mansilla Izquierdo - Clinical Psychologist. Senior Technical Occupational Health and Safety - Bulletin PW Magazine No 22
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